Unit 5. Wordlist

to disagree strongly or be in opposition with something or someone

• The results conflict with previous studies on the topic.
• Their opinions often conflict during discussions.

permission or agreement to do something, especially after consideration

• Can you confirm your consent for the research participation?
• Teachers must obtain parental consent for trips.

to agree to or allow something after thinking carefully

• The editorial board consented to publish the final report.
• She had not consented to the use of her data.

a result or effect of an action, situation, or decision

• The consequences of climate change are becoming serious.
• Every action brings its own consequences.

as a result or therefore; showing a cause-and-effect relationship

• The system failed and consequently delayed all experiments.
• They ignored the warning, consequently facing heavy losses.

to think carefully about something before making a decision or forming an opinion

• Several universities are considering new methods to reduce errors.
• Have you considered applying for a research grant?

large in amount, degree, or importance

• The undertaking required considerable time and effort.
• A considerable number of students joined the program.

by a large amount; to a significant degree

• The results varied considerably between the two experiments.
• Conditions have improved considerably over the past decade.

to be made up or formed of particular parts or elements

• The dataset consists of more than 500 samples.
• The mixture consisted mainly of organic compounds.

always behaving or happening in the same way; not changing

• She gave consistent answers during the long interview.
• We must be consistent in applying the rules.

happening continuously or remaining unchanged over a period of time

• She worked under constant pressure during the semester.
• Constant monitoring is required to ensure safety.

to use something such as energy, time, or resources

• The task consumed all available time.
• Modern societies consume more energy than ever before.

the act of using resources, energy, or materials

• UN data analyzed global water consumption trends over two decades.
• What factors influence household electricity consumption?

belonging to the same time period or existing in the present time

• Many contemporary artworks reflect social issues.
• How do contemporary theories differ from classical ones?

a clear difference between two or more people, things, or ideas

• The contrast between theory and practice is clear.
• Data show a contrast in growth rates.

something that is given, added, or done to help achieve a result

• Her contribution to medical science was widely recognized.
• Financial contributions supported the research program.

relating to a large company or business organization

• The firm introduced a new corporate strategy.
• Many graduates seek corporate jobs after university.

official or public recognition or trust for doing something good

• She deserves credit for trying her best.
• All contributors shared credit for the discovery.

a time of great danger or serious difficulty

• The company is suffering a severe crisis of confidence.
• Environmental crises demand immediate action.

extremely important or necessary for the success of something

• External reviewers highlighted several critical weaknesses in the proposal.
• Your decision is critical to our future.

to say what is wrong or bad about something

• The project has been criticized as a waste of money.
• Experts strongly criticized the report for major inaccuracies.

a view or sample showing the inside or typical part of something

• The cross-section shows layers of the Earth’s crust.
• This survey gives a cross-section of public opinion on healthcare reform.

extremely important or necessary for success or results

• Teamwork is crucial for completing any large-scale initiative.
• Why is timing so crucial in this experiment?

a solid material with a regular pattern of atoms or molecules

• Snowflakes are tiny ice crystals.
• Scientists examined the structure of the crystal under a microscope.